Means for devising ornamental designs



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F. J. RHODES MEANS FOR DEVISING QRNAMENTAL DESIGNS Filed June l. 1921 4Sheets-Sheet 2 May 1, 1923. 1,453,728

F. J. RHODES MEANS FOR DEVISING ORNAMENTAL DESIGNS Filed June l 1921 4Sheets-Sheet 3 Fig.1/f

May l, 1923. 1,453,728

F, J. RHODES MEANS FOR DEVISING ORNAMENTAL DESIGNS Filed June l. 1921 4Sheets-Sheet 4 FERITAII'D4 JOSEPH- RHODES, 0F `PARIS, FRANCE.

MEANS Fon DEvIsINe applicano?) med AJune 1,

To all 'whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FERNAND JOSEPH RHODES, a citizen of the Republicof'Fran'ce, residing in Paris, France, have invented certain new anduseful vImprovements in Means for Devising Ornamental Designs;

and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in theart to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being hadtothe accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of referencemarked thereon, which form a. part of this specification.

This invention consists in drawing circular curved lines in a squarewhereby these lines may be so arranged as to produce multiple ornamentsmade up of square elements of such character that the said ornaments maybe connected together and that a. limited number ,of elementary squareportions having different ornaments may be used tol form decorativecombinationshavin a very different appearance and susceptib e of aninnite number of variations. Thisl invention is based upon the properchoice of the radii of the'curves in funcion of times the side ofthesquare, and of the choice of centres situated either upon the sides ofthe square, upon the diagonale,

or upon the prolongation of these lines. My invention likewiserelates tothe manufacture of articles used for` recreation pur poses such as toys,puzzles and the like, or -for designing such as cubes, diagrams, orcharts, or the like, as will be ldescribed hereunder, in order to obtaindecorative -compositions, mechanical drawings, or ornamental or artisticeffects of all kinds and with the greatest facility, by the use of a setof cubical blocks representing the synthetic elements of the design andby means of a diagram or chart whereby the said elements may be disposedtogether upon the same sheet, thus assembling the whole or a part of thelines drawn upon each of the same by the above-mentioned process. Upon asheet of paper'is drawn a square network, or in other words, similarsquares ORNAINIIEIN'I.AL DESIGNS.

1921. Serial No. l74,112.

are juxtaposed, and in each of these vsquares there are drawn all thecurvesor only a portion thereof-which lmay be obtained as hereinbeforementioned, in such manner that the curves situated in each square shallbe connected with the curves of the adjacent squares, thereby'forming anassemblage composed of circular arcs and circumferences which extendsthroughout the entire sheet. The said assemblage of lines situated` uponthe portions of the network may likewise comprise the diagonals of thesquares, and also as a general rule all the' straight tangents which arecommon to the above-mentioned curves, or only one or a certain numberofthe said common tan-` gents. The points of intersection of these lineswill mark out a certain number of straight lines, arcs, segments,half-segments, sectors, and in general, various forms adapted toconstitute decorative portions, either by considering only the surfacesbounded by 'such lines, A'or again by combining these two decorativeelements, that is lines and sur-v faces.

The assemblage of lines thus obtained will constitute diagram or chartfrom which the artist. may select such of the'lines as are required tomake the first draft of the designs, ornaments 'or decorativecompositions which he has in view, and the said draft may be employed inthis condition or may serve as a plan or outline for. receiving anyother ornaments or compositions which the artist may then embellish, byartistic lines, various subjects, filling in, or the like. Itiis obviousthat when once the decorative lines have been produced and combined inview .of the result to be obtained, mea-ns may be 'taken to remove fromthe composition the whole or a. part of the square network as well asall the straight or curved lines which are not desired for use.

The diagram or chart above mentioned may be printed upon paper or likematerial, in one or more colours, and may include all the lines or onlya few of the lines which are above indicated. This method, as likewisethe preparation of cubes and sheets,

is o1oar1y sot forth in tho following dosorip 'tion together lwith theaccompanyingl drawsquare elements.

Figs. 2 to 8 show various ornaments or ornamental portions producedwithin the square by the combination of the circular lines drawnaccording to the method constituting this invention.

Fi 9 shows an ornament produced by the combination of circular lineswith straight lines perpendicular to a side of the square.

Figs. 10 to 13 represent decorative combinat-ions obtained by employinga limited number of ornamental elementary square portions, eithercombined with each other or with the additional use of square elementswithout ornaments.

Fig. 14 shows the development of a cube which is constitutedaccording'to this invention. Figs. 15 and 16 show an assemblage of foursuch cubes toconstitute an ornamental element.

Fig. 17 represents a sheet having a network formed thereon. Fig. 18shows the course of execution.

The circular lines used to obtain the ornamentation upon the elementarysquare portions are drawn in the following manner:

1. The circular arc CR is obtained by drawing the samewitha radius dwhich is equal to cd2, that is, to the length of the diagram or Achartin diagonal oil the square, with the point.

as a centre, this point being located on the prolongation of the side DAof the square ABCD and at a distance equal to c from the side of thesquare. It will be observed that 8- similar arcs ma be obtained blocating the centres atii,E,F,G,H,I, ,K. 2. The circular arc CD is drawnwith a radius m equal to f with the point as a centre, this lattervbeing located at the intersection of the diagonals KD and LC of theadjacent square AD- In this manner, four similar arcs may be radiusbeing equal to drawn in the square ABCD by'taking as centres the fourend points oig the square.

4. The arc SM is drawn with the point A as a centre, the radius being nDR=AM=a=c(1/1). Four similar arcs ma therefore be drawn by taking ascentres t e four end polnts of the square.

5. yThe semicircle vRS is drawn by taking the middle point I of the sideAD as a centre, with the diameter Rs=o=o 3 2x/).

Four similar semicircles may thus be drawn by taking the middle pointsof each side of the square as centres.

6. The curve AM is composed of two arcs; the first arc AVA1 having aradius equal to a is drawn with the point P as a centre which is locatedon the diagonal AH of the square AGHB at a distance a from A, the secondarc A1M is a Yquarter-circle having as a centre the point which is themeeting point of the perpendicular drawn from P to AB, the

These two circles will have a common tangent at A1 and will therefore bejoined at this point. Eightcurves of this kind may be drawn in thesquare ABCD.

7. The circle BM is constituted by two circular arcs; the first are BB1has for its centre the point Q, located on the diagonal BG of the s uareAGHB and at a distance b from B, an is drawn with b as a radius; thesecond arc BIM y.has for its centre the meeting point K of theperpendicular drawn from Q to AB, the radius being radius being it willbe observed that it is tangent lto the arcs MS and CD.

The following table gives the formulae for the radii of the dierent arcswith reference -to the side o of the square, and also the centres of thesame.-

Arc. Centre. Radius.

InFig. 10 the decorative design is obtained by the juxtaposition ofsquare elements having thereon the ornamental portion shown in Fig. 6,together with plain square elements. rlhe border is formed of squareelements having an ornamentation not shown in Figs. 2 to 9 but which isreadily constituted.

In Fig. 11 the decorative design is formed by the combination of squareelements having the ornamentation shown in Figs. 2 and 6, t-he borderbeing made .up of square elements which are easily constituted.

In Fig. lf2-the decorative design is produced by means of the squareelements shown in Fig, 7 combined with other square elements whoseornamentation is carried out by the use of the square elements Fig. 7combined with other square elements whose ornamentation is produced bythe drawing method according to vmy invention and is readily eifected.

In Fig. 13 the decorative design is produced by means or the ornamentedsquare elements Figs. 6 and 7 together with other easily-formedelements.

' These few examplesv will serve Vto show the great variety ofdecoration and ornamentation which ma be obtained by the use ofornamented elementary square portions which are formed according to myinvention. Theadvantages: of this method reside in the fact thatmanufacturers orv y artists are enabled to produce a great varietysquare. has been drawn a circular arc whose radius is a function of thesquare root of the side of the square (in this case,

and whose rcentre is located eitherl on the t I sides of the square, onthe diagonals thereof, or on'the diagonals or the sides of the adjacentsquares, or on the prolongations o these lines,or in other words, uponthe lines of the networkI or the diagonals of the several squaresconstituting the same, or upon the prolongation of these lines beyondthe isaid network. In the present case, the centre is located at theintersection of the prolongation of the side of the square and the'diagonal of the adjacent square, or inv other Words, at one of thepoints of intersection of the lines of the right-angled network with thediagonals of this network.

' Inasmuch as the arcs thus drawn in each square of the said network aresusceptible of being joined togethenthesevarcs will thereby constitutean assemblage of curvesin this case circumferences-which together withthe straight lines of the network will produce a type of diagram orchart constituting the object of my invention. In the portion of Fig. 18to the left of a b will be observed all the lines of the said diagram orchart among which the designer has clearly marked out the lines chosenin view of his composition. In the portion of Fig. 18 situated betweenthe lines a b and c d there are only observed the lines chosen by out ashe shall see tit, thereby obtaining forinstance a decorative compositionsuch as is shown to the right of the line c-al Fig. 18. In this exampleit is observed that the designer has preserved a certain portion of theoriginal network which serves lto guide him in drawing the irregularlines forming the background or filling of his composition.

The above-mentioned diagram or chart is characterized by this that eachsquare contains the original element or elements (otherwise termedabstract elements) which serve to produce the available decorativecompositions, and therefore it will be possible to cut up such adecorative composition into squares having-the same size as the originalsquares, in order to be enabled to discover the constitutivel `elementsof the composition which has been obtained by means of the said plan orchart. But the said chart may also comprise one or more square networksor assemblages ofy networks of the same or ditl'erent size which may besuperposed in various manners, as follows:

The several networks may be superposed in such manner that the straightlines forming the said networks shall either coinu I eide or shall be inparallel and perpendicular disposition, or the networks may be crossedat one or a number of angles, or

may be crossed at an angle of in which v case the constitutive lines ofone network may coincide or not with the diagonals of another network.

Again, lthe networks may be superposed bya suitable combination of thesame, coinprising the various positions above-mentioned, and in anydesired manner. By thus superposing networks which are of the same ordifferent size, each colnprising an assemblage of straight or curvedlines, a diagram or chart will be produced which afl'ords decorativecompositions having an -entirely. different appearance from those whichare obtained with a chart'having a single network.

My invention will thus yaiford a considerable saving of expense byreason of the .reduction in the time employed in the composition ofdesigns for industrial purposes.

Having now described my said invention and the best means I know ofcarrying the same into effect, I claim:

l. Units 0f square form presenting ornamental surfaces and capable of\being grouped together having in each square curves or arcs for thepurpose of producing a variety of ornamental designs, the said curves orarcs having their ycentres located on the sides or diagonale of thesquares or upon prolongations of these lines and their radii beingpolynomial functions having integral coeiiicients of the side' of thelsquare and of the half-diagonal.

2. A diagram'or chart formed by an assemblage ofrcurved lines drawn upona network obtained by the juxtaposition of great number 0f similarsquares, the said curved linesbeing constituted by circular arcs whoseradii are functions, in the form of polynomials with integralcoefiicients, )of the half diagonal and the side of the square, andwhose centres arev located on the lines of the said network or -on thedagonals of the squares composing the network, or again, on theprolongation of these lines beyond the limits of the network, the saidassemblage being completed if desired by the addition of tangents whichare common to these various curves.

3. Square-faced tiles each having on one of its square faces ornamentalfigures whose outlines are circular arcs the radii of which arepolynomial functions of the side or the half diagonal of the squaremultiplied by integral coeliicients.

4. .Square faced tiles each having on one of its Ornamental square facesfigures whose outlines are circular arcs the radii of which arepolynomial functions of the side or the half diagonal of the squaremultiplied by integers of sides of the rectangle.

5. Square faced tiles each having on one of its ornamental square facesfigures whose outlines are circular larcs the radii of which arepolynomial functions of the side or the half diagonal of the squaremultiplied by integral coefficients, the centersof said arcs lying inthe sides of the tiles and on their diagonals.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention, I have signedmy name.

l' FERNAND JOSEPH RHODES.

